Advanced design of surface foundations

Detailed ultimate limit state check reports
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CYPECAD, CYPE 3D and the Portal frame generator generate detailed ultimate limit state (U.L.S.) check reports. The U.L.S. reports contain all the checks these programs carry out to design concrete, steel, aluminium and timber elements. Each check refers to the design code and article requiring the check, or the criteria which has been applied to carry it out. The detailed contents of the U.L.S. reports makes these essential documents with which users can verify, justify and optimise the design of the structural elements that have been analysed.


The programs and structural elements for which these reports are generated can be consulted in the CYPE programs which generate U.L.S. check reports section.

Use of the Ultimate limit state check reports

The U.L.S. reports contain all the checks carried out by the program to design and analyse concrete, steel, aluminium and timber elements. Therefore, they constitute an important document with which users can:

  • Verify and justify the design of the analysed elements. Users can examine, each of the checks carried out by the program to design and analyse the reinforced concrete, steel, aluminium and timber sections.
  • Optimise the design of the analysed elements. By observing the checks that fail, it is easier to decide on the optimum solution to solve the problem (increase sections or reinforcement, provide stiffeners, check whether the introduced buckling coefficients are adequate...). Similarly, if all the checks are met, these reports also contribute on deciding how to obtain a better usage coefficient.

The level of detail of these reports also acts as a guide allowing users to know all the checks to which the analysed structural element is submitted to. The program does not simply indicate whether the check fails or not, it also indicates which specific checks are not complied with. Additionally, each check refers to the design code and article requiring it.

 

CYPE programs which generate U.L.S. check reports

CYPECAD (including its integrated 3D structures), CYPE 3D and the Portal frame generator generate detailed ultimate limit state check reports. Below are the elements and materials for which these programs generate the U.L.S. reports.

CYPECAD

CYPECAD generates ultimate limit state reports for the following elements:

Ultimate limit state. CYPECAD

  • Reinforced concrete and steel columns
    The U.L.S. reports for reinforced concrete and steel (rolled, welded and cold-formed) columns are obtained from CYPECAD’s Column reinforcement editor (Results > Columns/Shear walls > Edit > select column).

    The Edit option displays the new column reinforcement editor. Within this editor, the U.L.S. reports are generated by selecting the (U.L.S. report of the span of the selected column) symbol from the “Combination summary” table (to generate the U.L.S. report of the span of the selected column), or by pressing the (Listado E.L.U de todo el pilar) button (to generate the U.L.S. report of all the spans of the selected column). The new column editor is available when the job is analysed with the following concrete codes:

    • ABNT NBR 6118:2007 (Brazil)
    • ACI 318M-08 (USA – International)
    • B.A.E.L 91 (France)
    • CIRSOC 201:2005 (Argentina)
    • EHE-08 (Spain)
    • Eurocode 2 (EU International)
    • Eurocode 2 (France)
    • Eurocode 2 (Portugal)
    • IS 456:2000 (India)
    • NBR 6118:2007 (Brazil)
    • NCh430.Of2008 (Chile)
    • NSR-10 (Colombia) (Título C - Concreto estructural)
    • NTC: 14-01-2008 (Italy)
    • NTE E.060:2009 (Peru)
    Ultimate limit state. CYPECADIf a different concrete code is selected, the current version of CYPECAD does not yet generate the U.L.S. reports for concrete columns (other concrete codes will be implemented in the near future). It does, however, generate the U.L.S. reports for steel columns (for the majority of steel codes which are implemented in the program). In this case, the Edit option displays the classic column reinforcement editor, where the (Listado E.L.U de tramo de pilar metálico) button can be selected for a steel column span (rolled, welded or cold-formed).
  • Rolled, welded and cold-formed steel beams
    As is the case with steel columns, the U.L.S. reports for rolled, welded and cold-formed steel beams are available for the majority of steel design codes which are implemented in the program. These reports can be obtained using the following options: Ultimate limit state. CYPECAD

    • Steel beams
      Results > Beams/Walls > Beam errors > Select steel beam > U.L.S. Checks button.
    • Sloped steel beams
      Results > Beams/Walls > Sloped beams > U.L.S. Checks > Select steel beam.
  • Steel (rolled, welded and cold-formed), aluminium and timber bars of CYPECAD’s integrated 3D structures
    Since CYPECAD’s integrated 3D structures work the same way as CYPE 3D, please consult the section on CYPE 3D to know how the U.L.S. reports are obtained for these structural elements.

CYPECAD also generates a summarised U.L.S. check report for concrete columns –only for the design codes which generate detailed U.L.S. check reports, steel columns and horizontal and sloped steel beams (this summary does not include bars belonging to any integrated 3D structures which may exist). To generate this summary, select the option File > Print > Job reports > U.L.S. checks for columns and beams button.

CYPE 3D

Ultimate limit state. CYPE 3DUltimate limit state. CYPE 3D

CYPE 3D and CYPECAD’s integrated 3D structures generate detailed ultimate limit state check reports for steel (rolled, welded and cold-formed), aluminium and timber bars, which have been designed with the majority of the codes implemented in the program. The bar sections for which the U.L.S. reports can be obtained are:

  • Any section of a bar indicated by the user
    Analysis > U.L.S. Checks > At the indicated point.
  • The critical sections in each check of a bar selected by the user
    Analyse > U.L.S. Checks > At the worst point.
  • The critical sections in each check of ten bars with errors or with the highest usage coefficient
    File > Print > Job report > Activate Structure – Results – Bars –  U.L.S. Checks (Complete).
  • The critical sections in each check of all the bars of the structure (summarised report)
    File > Print > Job report > Activate Structure – Results – Bars –  U.L.S. Checks (Summarised).

Portal frame generator

Ultimate limit state. Portal frame generatorPortal frame generator generates detailed ultimate limit state reports for the purlins which have been designed. To visualise and print these reports, click on the U.L.S. Checks button, which is available in the dialogue box: Job data > Lateral and roof purlin edition > select Purlins on roof or Purlins on sides > Accept.

Examples of ultimate limit state check reports

U.L.S. check report of a reinforced concrete column. CYPECAD

Ultimate limit state. CYPECADUltimate limit state. CYPECADUltimate limit state. CYPECADUltimate limit state. CYPECAD

Ultimate limit state. CYPECADUltimate limit state. CYPECADUltimate limit state. CYPECADUltimate limit state. CYPECAD

U.L.S. check report of a beam of a dual pitch frame. CYPE 3D

Ultimate limit state. CYPE 3DUltimate limit state. CYPE 3DUltimate limit state. CYPE 3DUltimate limit state. CYPE 3D

Ultimate limit state. CYPE 3DUltimate limit state. CYPE 3DUltimate limit state. CYPE 3DUltimate limit state. CYPE 3D

U.L.S. check report of a column of a dual pitch frame. CYPE 3D

Ultimate limit state.  CYPE 3DUltimate limit state.  CYPE 3DUltimate limit state.  CYPE 3DUltimate limit state.  CYPE 3D

Ultimate limit state.  CYPE 3DUltimate limit state.  CYPE 3DUltimate limit state.  CYPE 3DUltimate limit state.  CYPE 3D

Summarised U.L.S. check report of all the bars of the structure. CYPE 3D

Ultimate limit state.  CYPE 3DUltimate limit state.  CYPE 3DUltimate limit state.  CYPE 3DUltimate limit state.  CYPE 3D

Ultimate limit state.  CYPE 3DUltimate limit state.  CYPE 3DUltimate limit state.  CYPE 3DUltimate limit state.  CYPE 3D

CYPECAD and CYPE 3D modules

CYPE 3D modules:

CYPECAD modules:

Modules common to CYPECAD and CYPE 3D:

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